Wrench.



J. K. DANIELS.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION TILED MAR-.13, 1912.

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

JOHN K. DANIELS, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 24,1912.

Application filed March 13, 1912. Serial No. 683,599.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J 0111s K. DANIELS, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota,have invented a new and useful Improvement in \Vrenches, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a wrench of that class in which two leverhandles are fulerumed together forming a hand grip, one of the leverscarrying upon its work end a stationary jaw and the other adapted toengage and actuate a movable jaw which is mounted to slide in thestationary jaw. A particular advantage is derived by constructing thejaws so that they will not separate after being adjusted to the objectto be turned or held from turning and do not require the application offorce to the movable jaw through the handle lever to hold it adjusted.

Further objects of this invention are to so construct the wrench as toaccommodate flat sided nuts and bolts and circular objects such as pipesof various sizes or dimensions and to make it simple, strong, durableand thoroughly effective for the purpose designed. It is easily andreadily adjusted and is comparatively cheap and inexpensive tomanufacture.

It is further adapted for use as pliers and may be modified inconstruction for various purposes and still maintain the principlesinvolved as illustrated and described in the following specification.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, Figure1 is a side elevation of the wrench showing the jaws open and part ofthe cover broken away; Fig. 2 is another side elevation illustrating thejaws in closed position; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the movablejaw; Fig. 4 is a section of a detail taken upon the line X-X, Fig. 1,and F 5 is a side elevation of a modified construction of movable jaw.

In the drawings A and B represent two lever handles fulcrumed on the pin2, 3 and 1 representing the work ends which are conveniently formed intoa handle grip and 5 and 6 respectively the power ends. The power end 5of the handle 3 is formed with an integral jaw 7 in which there is aguide channel or groove 9 one side of which is formed by the removablecover plate 10 secured to the head by means of screws 11. The work end12 of the lever handle B is free to play in the passage 13 formed in thehead below the cover 10 and the power ends of the lever handles arenormally spread apart by means of the leaf spring 14 placed between thehandle levers one end being secured by screws 15 to the member 3 and theother end bearing against the member B in the longitudinal channel 16.

C represents a movable jaw having a lug 17 which is free to slide in thepassage 9 in the head 5 leaving said jaw free to be adjusted relativelyto the stationary jaw 7. The upper edges 20 of the passage 9 extendsubstantially away at right angles from the face of the jaw 7 and areformed with a pair of inwardly extending shoulders 21 and 22 (seeFig. 1) the former being integral with the head 5 and the latterintegral with the cover member 10. Said shoulders form a slot 23 betweenthem in which the neck 24: between the lug 17 and the jaw C is adaptedto slide freely. The back end of the passage 9 is closed by the wall 25and serves to limit the movement of the movable jaw away from the fixedjaw. The lower portion of the lug 17 has a transverse groove 26 in whichthe tongue formed by the work end 12 of handle lever B plays freely thisconnection permitting the movable jaw to be actuated in the passage 9 bythe lever B for the purpose of adjusting the jaws to a nut, bolt or pipeas the case may be and holding or turning the same.

The movable jaw G has its lower edges 37 toothed or serratedtransversely at 27 near the back end of the jaw, said teeth beingadapted to engage teeth 28 on the upper surface of each of the shoulders21 and 22. The outer end of the jaw C is adapted to tilt forward towardthe fixed jaw 7 this movement being permitted by convex shoulders 29adjacent to the neck 24 on the lug 17 of the movable jaw and by therounded corners 30 at the lower end of the front face of the jaw C. Thismovement is also permitted by su'ilicient space between the shoulders 29and the lower edges 37 of the movable jaw. This tilting action permitsthe tongue 12 when swung forward by the handle B to move the movable jawforward and adjust it with its front face in vertical position against aside of a nut or bolt (see Fig. 2) thus causing its teeth 27 to engagethe teeth 28 and prevent the jaw C from disengaging the object to whichit is applied except by reversing the movement of the handle B throughthe application of considerable force. This reversed movement causes thetongue 12 to impinge against the heel 31 of the slot 26 and lift theteeth on the jaw C out of engagement with the teeth 28, the end of thetongue 12 and the heel of the slot 26 being so curved as to cause thisaction. When the jaws are adjusted to a nut or other object which it isdesired to hold or turn, the movable jaw is automatically locked inposition so that the movable aw will not separate from the fixed jawduring turning movement of the wrench except through the application ofpower by hand to the handle lever B and by lifting the teeth of themovable jaw out of engagement with the teeth on the stationary member.The strength of the spring 14 is only sufficient to move the movable jawback into normal position after the jaws have been removed entirely fromthe object to which they have previously been closed upon.

It is obvious that the inner faces of the jaws may be straight, concaveor otherwise shaped. In Fig. 5 as illustrated the jaw C is shown with aconcave face 38 serrated or roughened for the purpose of turning a pipe.The handle levers may if desired be formed with wire cutting means suchas the groove 34 and notch 35 formed in the head 5 of the stationary jawmember for the purpose of receiving wire to be cut, the work end of thelever B being adapted to move across the passage so formed for thepurpose of shearing off the wire. The outer extremities of the handlelevers 3 and a may also be used as an implement such as a screw driver,the end 86 on member 3 being so formed.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principlesof operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I nowconsider to represent the best embodiment thereof but I desire to haveit understood that the construct-ion shown is only illustrative and thatthe invention can be carried out by other means and applied to usesother than those above set forth within the scope of the followingclaims.

Having described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to protectby Letters Patent is 1. In a wrench of the class set forth, a pair ofhandle levers fulcrumed together, one of said levers having a stationaryjaw and a guide way disposed at substantially right angles to the faceof said jaw and the guiding faces of said guideway being formed with atoothed rack, a second jaw having a lug engaged in said guideway andsaid movable jaw being tiltingly mounted in said guide way and adaptedwhen tilted with its working face inclined forward to disengage fromsaid rack teeth and to slide freely in said guide away from saidstationary jaw, said lug having a transverse groove across its lowerface, and said second lever having its work end extending into saidgroove whereby movement of said second lever in one direction willadjust said movable jaw to an object to be turned or held and reversalof movement of said second lever first tilts said movable jaw out ofengagement with said rack teeth and then slides said movable jaw back.

2. A wrenchof the class set forth, com prising, in combination, a fixedjaw having a lever handle and a guideway, a movable jaw relativelyadjustable to said fixed jaw and having a lug adapted to slide in saidguideway, said movable jaw being freely mounted to tilt in said guidewaytoward said fixed jaw so as to lock automatically when said jaws areclosed upon an object, and a second handle lever fulcrumed to said firstlever and having its work 'end movable in the path of said movable jawand adapted to move the latter with its lug in said guideway, wherebythe movable jaw may be moved into and released from locking position.

3. A wrench of the class set forth, comprising in combination, a fixedjaw having a handle lever and a toothed guide rack, a movable awrelatively adjustable upon said rack to said fixed jaw and having atoothed shoulder adapted to engage the teeth of said rack to lock saidmovable jaw in adjusted position and adapted to be lifted out ofengagement with the teeth of said rack, and a second lever handlepivoted to said first lever and having its work end movable in the pathof said movable jaw and adapted to move said movable jaw on said rackand by reversal of movement to lift said movable jaw with the teeth onsaid shoulder out of engagement with the teeth of said rack.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN DANIELS.

Witnesses:

H. L. FISCHER, F. G. BRADBURY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

